I was going to stay out of the turn this thread has taken, failed. I have been fortunate enough to hunt many places. Of the places I've been, this (Washington State) is the most adversarial, anti-hunting, inept system I've seen. I nearly gave up hunting based on my experiences here. I did give up hunting here for a few years. For a few years one didn't need a license to apply for the special permits, and that's how I managed my hunting dollar here. The other states/provinces have been much better to deal with, and that is reflected in some of the posts.
1) Tribal hunting has been a significant factor in some units. I don't know if its differences in the treaties involved, but yes it has. Wastage was my big issue, just as it is with the hunting community, too many unrecovered animals.
2) If you believe the game departments propaganda trailer, poaching is rampant. One of their own studies said not so much. They write a lot of technical trivial tickets, and try to make much of it. The most recent article in the paper trying to sell their point of view reflects this, but even the cherry picked cases they highlighted looked silly.They have whined about a lack of interest from Spokane prosecutors in their citations, but quite frankly earned that slight by pursuing non-sensical cases. Two of their own were finally caught violating game laws in Montana and were removed, but not before years of abuse here locally. They assume if you're in the woods you're a poacher. They wish to sell the higher priced combo licenses, but have stated publicly, if you have filled your elk or deer tag, they don't believe you're continuing to hunt bear or cougar.
3) Depredation hunts have had effects on elk/deer populations.
However, when the numbers of elk and deer dropped so did the effect of the first 3. Predation by bears, cougars, and coyotes is the constant. Use of hounds, bait, and hounds is prohibited. Trapping limited to very minimal levels. Bear, cougar, and coyote populations have risen significantly. We've had bear and cats in town regularly. Bears are known to take 50% of the elk calves in some units. Cats are killing deer literally in backyards. Coyotes are also at a high. There used to be some aerial gunning by ranchers, and this benefitted the deer populations. I've seen deer run into the yard to get coyotes off their heels. Now into that mix, with not a large game population to begin with we've got wolves. Its taken 40 years to get moose populations to world class. The state has gone from 3 bull tags in one unit, to about 150 combined antler less, youth, any moose in several units. I counted last year, but can't recall the exact number. Now if I'm hearing correctly what happened to the moose in and around Yellowstone isn't going to happen here. Seriously? The only hope our moose have is there isn't enough game to satisfy the wolves, and A) the return to wherever they came from, or B) they start eating livestock and are dealt with like the "Wedge pack". Peoples behaviors can be changed to a degree, based on changing facts, whether they are, tribal, ranchers, or sportsmen. Large predators that hunt 24-7-365, don't get fewer doe tags because the winter was hard. To also be honest across the west more units should have seen drastic reductions in tags, when it became apparent the impact wolves were having. Those kinds of losses would have got the attention of many more hunters. The trend of hiding bad management, behind poachers keeps the greater public satisfied, and the funding coming in. Especially in this area of the urban eco-warrior types that want to believe the public relations Disney has provided the wolf over the years.