Thank you very much, I've got it now, your plug gauge is not the ID of the neck, it is the neck OD (outer diameter) that will be stopped at the end of the chamber neck case length, to know overall chamber/neck length. With that measurement, we can shorten the neck to allow the maximum neck length without being too long. The plug should be machined to have a slight friction on the fired case with a very short part left at the neck Outer diameter.The old machined case is part of the gauge. He fabricated an insert that's a slight interference fit in the shortened case & the same diameter on the larger end as the case neck diameter. As it's slowly chambered with the bolt closed, the insert will stop sliding in. after extracting his fabricated gauge, he measures the overall length. This measurement will tell him exactly how long his chamber it. That measurement is exact. Now he knows what the maximum trim length is for the brass that's used in a particular rifle.
Now all he has to do is trim only a few thousands less than max. This also allows for the neck of his case to be slightly longer, which he considerers an advantage to insure better bullet to case alignment, which in turn makes it possible to get better concentricity between the case & bullet.
At least this is the way I understand it.
Ogive diameter is not involved in this.
The measurement for base to ogive is for seating depth with different bullets.