I used to ride chopper as part of my job, lots of Finn ex military. One guy did guide fly-ins for 30yr. His bear story when I asked why he didn't carry a gun:
Guy and his 2 sons were in northern BC hunting elk. They got a few dear, a moose and trophy elk. One son wanted to get a big Griz that had been hanging around for the week. So both sons stayed for another day.
Father had 2 close calls with this bear: on a dry river bed, he fired his gun at "very close range, click" misfire and the bear ran. It came again on one of their kills a few days later, they used an air horn and it ran.
The father had health issues so went back to town. The sons did not check in that night. On 2nd day no check in so he went out with the chopper. At the end of the 3rd day they called search and rescue. The father and my pilot found the men on the 5th or 6th day. The bear was shot with a combination of 3006-300 win calibers, according to the CO report, "a perfect heart shot, several non-brain head shots, and more in the critical vitals, it was dead on its feet by the time it got to the unfortunate men"
Both men were dead, one disembowled, the other with head trauma "outside of the military, I wouldn't have suspected that much damage". The bear was a few lengths away walking away from the attack.
They had killed it, but with the low heart rate it still managed to cover the distance and kill both men.
The pilot told me "strange noise and light will freak them out, its like getting surprised on shrooms, most amateurs inherently want to run. But slap a crack head in the face and see what happens"
I carry a mini airhorn and a pen light set to strobe. I've scared off 2 black bears, both small males, and a stalking mountain lion with the horn in the day and I presume a black bear at night with the light. I could hear it in the bush but couldn't see it
It's what he carried in the chopper so it's what I carry. Rifle as a LAST resort. With the bears in his area of operation and length of service, I trust his opinion. And most of the indigenous people I know hike/hunt with airhorns on their belts too.