You can't close the bolt in these situations. I was sitting next to a guy at the range one time, and he was having all kinds of issues. I was watching him try and chamber a round in his brand new rifle, and he kept complaining about the gunsmith not building it right tonhis buddy who was with him. He could not get the bolt to close. I asked if he needed help, and he asked if I could take a look.
I asked what he was shooting, and he said "6mm Creedmoor". Barrel was engraved as "6 Creed". Ammo....6.5 Creedmoor. I told him he had the wrong ammo. He had 6.5CM ammo. He said...."Same thing, dude." I laughed and said "Yeah, sure, same thing. 6mm and 6.5mm must be the same measurement. My bad. You should take it back to the gunsmith and show him how he messed up and demand a refund." Then went back to shooting as they packed up and left.
Had a similar incident with .308Win ammo in a .260 Rem. Bolt wouldn't close, but the guy was a very nice and super appreciative person that time. He seemed genuinely shaken by the incident.
Looking at the brass on the table in the photos, it looks pretty good size. Maybe something like a .338WM in a .300RUM? You could maybe close a bolt on those two?