ATH
Well-Known Member
Velocity is a big factor in the energy equation.
Muzzle energy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
If the velocity is not sufficient your bullet will not perform as designed.
If the velocity is too high bullets break apart and fail.
You are correct.
Insufficient velocity is less an issue with ML bullets than centerfire. They have a flatter profile (lower BC) by design and are 50-100% wide than most centerfires even before they expand. I've sent plenty of 40cal Shockwaves through deer's lungs without hitting bone, with minimal obvious expansion, and they all drop quickly if not immediately. AT 200+ yards the shot usually doesn't spook them and they stand there for a few seconds before dropping straight down.
Too much velocity can be a problem, but not at 200 yards with any bullet I'm familiar with. Shockwaves at 100 yards or less out of smokeless MLs need to be used with caution as they WILL be explosive and lack penetration on bone hits.
It is hard for me to make concrete statements about extended range bullet expansion performance because I take only broadside shots, and out to 338 yards I have yet to have one stop in the deer to analyze. This was the first year in 20 years I did not hunt with a ML as my primary deer weapon, I probably have around 20-25 deer at 200-338 yards. Only one traveled more than 30 yards and it was this year because I got the wind wrong.