MontanaRifleman
Well-Known Member
I have done some testing with mono solids and penetration testing and they do perform differently then an expanding bullet on penetration. The reason is that they do not expand much at all and retain nearly 100% of their original length, this causes some issues as they pass through tissue and often causes them to tumble.
This is reduced with the higher their impact RPM level is. Simply put, the faster they are spinning, generally, the longer they penetrate with their nose pointed forward. The lower their RPM level, the faster they begin to tumble. That said, I have not seen one of these bullets not tumble to some degree in penetration tests. the longer and more aggressive the ogive, it seems the sooner this happens.
The STOPPING bullets with their round or blunt nose profile seem to penetrate the straightest at any RPM level. To that point, the shorter the solid, the straight and more consistant it will penetrate, the longer the bullet, the sooner it will tumble. Just what I have seen in my own testing.
Now, to a cup jacketed bullet. Once a bullet expands, it stops having anything in common with the mono solids because the length of the bullet is greatly reduced and the frontal area of this bullet design is greatly increased. This generally can cause some very inconsistent penetration paths so its pretty hard to say if RPM levels have any real effect on terminal penetration on an expanding bullet.
The controlled expansion bullets such as the Barnes or expanding solids seem to be somewhere in between the two in my testing.
I agree that mono's have different expansion characteristics than cup and core, but not different terminal stability rules. I used to be of the mind set that good stability was required for reliable expansion, but recently, as the result of a discussion in another thread, I've found out that it seems to be the opposite. Good expansion is required for "terminal stability". In short, if bullets don't expand, they tumble. If they do expand, they go straight. That is the rule for the pointy bullets. Here's a video by Gunwerks that illustrates that.
Bullet Penetration & Shoulder Stabilization - YouTube
The video says that no amount of spin is able to keep a bullet stable once it is penetrating a denser media.
For blunt nose bullets, basically cylinder shaped, like the GSC FN's, their blunt nose shape results in the same stabilizing effect as an expanded spritzer.
If the expanded bullet has an irregular shaped front, then I'm sure it would affect straight line penetration to a degree. The longest penetration shot I ever made was a Texas heart shot on a speed goat buck at about 200 yds. The bullet (.308 180 gr Fed Soft Point) entered precisely between the hams and the remnant slug ended up under the hide of the front shoulder, The path was very straight, The frontal was a bit irregular, but the slug itself (about 40% of original weight) was only about as long as it was wide and probably acted a lot like a round ball. I still have it.