What I do, and I think most others do, is go by the builder/designer's recommendations. Like for Arrowhead, Luke recommends 80gr H322 in a bolt gun and 60gr IMR4198 in the Encore barrel. I just stick with what Luke says. The gun doesn't blow up, and the performance is tops. For my Savage MLII rifles, Savage had a list of approved powders and charges, and a list of powders to avoid. I run 44gr 5744 in that one.
Smokeless MLs are not really a great place to do a lot of experimenting with powders. Stick with your builder's known loads.