Newbies are always welcome here. Your die set instructions probably say something along these lines: insert the proper shellholder in the ram, run it all the way up, screw the die into the press until it contacts the shellholder, lower the ram and turn die approx. 1/8 to 1/4 turn further, install lock ring. This is the "standard setting" for RCBS, Redding, etc standard full-length sizing dies. Setting up this way results in feeling a slight "springing" of the handle when you bottom out the lever of your press and means that your die and shellholder are tightly pressed together and the whole assembly is under tension. The dimensions of your re-sized case are determined by the internal dimensions of the shellholder/die combination. These pieces are machined based upon the SAAMI standards for the caliber in question. Slight variations do occur, as can happen in any manufacturing process, which is how two identical rifles can have a slightly different headspace, even though they were both made by the same assembly line, or the same custom smith. This can also happen (not as common as you might think) if you mix brands of equipment (one company's die with another's shellholder) even though the SAAMI info was used by both companies. To partially re-size your cases, first you need measuring tools (bump gauge and comparator) to determine how much. Some people are content to simply unscrew the die a little bit at a time from the press to achieve the appropriate spacing, and get along fine doing that, but I prefer to use "competition" shellholders, which come in sets and are machined to create an additional length from case head to shoulder without losing the tension of the press, for consistency. Comp shellholders offer +0.002", +0.004" etc all the way up to +0.010". After measuring your headspace, select the shellholder that gives the closest match to your fired brass. To clarify a bit from your question about "crushing" the case, you can only make headspace longer by adjusting your dies or using comp shellholders. To make it shorter would require grinding off a little from the bottom of your die, or the top surface of your shellholder, but if you cannot obtain an acceptable fit for your rifle using standard parts, you should really have the rifle's headspace checked for proper specs.