For your viewing pleasure here’s the 137 Hammer Hunter out of a 300 RUM

You actually asked several questions.
First, most find a lighter weight bullet than traditional gives excellent penetration and does substantial internal damage. Adding velocity improves them even more.
Adding velocity has a very slight beneficial affect on BC - but it does not substantially affect BC.
The Hammer bullets are quite unique, in that they are designed to shed their petals immediately after impact. This serves 2 purposes. The bullet shedding petals creates a massive and lethal large wound cavity (bubble). The shed petals become individual missles doing their own independent damage as they travel forward.
Once the petals are shed, the shank becomes a "wadcutter" shaped blunt solid that penetrates very well, straight and deep.
Does that help?
My next question is how light to go? I understand that velocity doesn't substantially effect BC; however; higher velocity overcomes/counteracts lower bc. What I'm asking is should you be dropping 50gr or what do you go off of for bullet selection? Thank you for your response.
 
My next question is how light to go? I understand that velocity doesn't substantially effect BC; however; higher velocity overcomes/counteracts lower bc. What I'm asking is should you be dropping 50gr or what do you go off of for bullet selection? Thank you for your response.
Parameters matter, range, cartridge, game.

If you're like most of us it's more tailoring specific needs, experience, and evolving rather than jumping.

The 124 HH and .300 RUM has taken Asiatic Buffalo, and other large bovines. As has historically been done with a variety of smaller cartridges with a proper back up rifle in tow. Also a host of other game we don't see. Not by me, but picture and video quality continues to improve, as above to almost first hand.

The difference being consistent terminal performance at velocities not seen in the past. The performance of some of those older bullets is what led to cartridge restrictions in many cases.
 
My next question is how light to go? I understand that velocity doesn't substantially effect BC; however; higher velocity overcomes/counteracts lower bc. What I'm asking is should you be dropping 50gr or what do you go off of for bullet selection? Thank you for your response.
What's your longest shot gonna be and what caliber are shooting as Harper mentioned the 124 in the RUM is a unreal combination and I use ithis combo as well
 
@Harper is spot on. Bullet weight choice is not arbitrary. It is based upon size of animal to be shot, caliber, distance most likely shot, velocity your rifle is capable of and conditions (altitude &temp).
The easiest way to choose is to make up a bullet chart and compare performance of several bullets to your intended range. You'll find lighter/faster gives better performance to about 400 yds. After that, heavier bullets take over in performance. Hammers open and perform down to 1800fps impact velocity. Obviously, higher impact velocities are better and produce a better wound cavity. Several of us have done extensive testing at extremely high velocities. So far we've been unable to destroy a Hammer either at launch (over 4400fps in a 30 cal.) or at impact.
 
Love to see some of this stuff (the reloading part). Several years back I used a 300 RUM with a 26" factory Sendero for similar results. I used a Lazzeroni Lazerhead 150 and 104 gr of RL25 with a MV of 3800. The NP3 coating on the bullets made them different than the standard Barnes TS fare. A 425y antelope had a 30 cal hole going in and a Pepsi can sized hole going out. I went to show a youth hunter how to field dress, and the chest cavity was already empty…fun to test, but I moved on to heavies. The rangefinders I could afford back then topped out around 400 anyway. Things change. Shooting bullets 100 gr heavier now.
 
Love to see some of this stuff (the reloading part). Several years back I used a 300 RUM with a 26" factory Sendero for similar results. I used a Lazzeroni Lazerhead 150 and 104 gr of RL25 with a MV of 3800. The NP3 coating on the bullets made them different than the standard Barnes TS fare. A 425y antelope had a 30 cal hole going in and a Pepsi can sized hole going out. I went to show a youth hunter how to field dress, and the chest cavity was already empty…fun to test, but I moved on to heavies. The rangefinders I could afford back then topped out around 400 anyway. Things change. Shooting bullets 100 gr heavier now.
We are running H4350 in the 95-100 grain range between the 137's and 124's
 
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