Could happen with smaller diameter cartridges.
But as mentioned in an earlier post, higher forces are created with larger diameter cartridges, as force is a product of "pressure" X "area". The larger the area the pressure acts against, the larger the resultant force.
I'm not inclined to fire any rifle containing those forces with a threaded pipe cap... let alone a cartridge the diameter of a 50BMG.
The more I've thought about this, I'm gonna go ahead and say it...
The use of the threaded pipe cap to seal off the breech end of the barrel is a really, really bad design to contain chamber pressure.
Because once the cartridge case ruptures, the pressure is now applied against the cross sectional area of the internal dimensions of that pipe cap. This is a tremendous increase in cross sectional area compared to the face of a bolt head. I'm not gonna do the calculations, but imagine how large the internal face of that end cap is, compared to the internal back face of the 50BMG cartridge casing. Or the face of a bolt head.
If there's some engineers here that wanna counter this argument, or add to it, have at it. The designer of this rifle is really vulnerable to civil lawsuits, in my opinion. And I'd be advising the injured man to find a conventional bolt action rifle for future use.
When a cartridge case fails in a conventional bolt action rifle, the high pressure has some crevices by which to escape, and even then, the backward thrust/force acting to blow the bolt back into your face is a product of the pressure times the cross sectional area on the face of the bolt.
If I understood the concept of this rifle breech enclosure correctly, a cap is screwed onto the breech end of the barrel. The escaping gas (and pressure), once the cartridge case has ruptured/failed, is now captured and contained within that threaded end cap. No way to relieve the pressure, no way for the gases to escape - other than possibly out the firing pin diameter hole.
And here's the real jeopardy. The internal cross-sectional area of the back of that end cap. Guessing ~1.5" diameter. It's gonna be at least the outer diameter of the threaded tenon on that barrel. That's the internal surface area the escaped gas pressure will act on to create the backward force acting to blow the cap off the threads.
The diameter of a bolt face, in comparison? Much smaller diameter and cross-sectional area. Addtionally, a bolt action isn't sealed up tightly. The entire circumference of the case head and case web area, once ruptured, will allow some gases to escape. Which effectively will reduce the peak pressures applied against the face of the bolt. All in all, a MUCH lesser force applied to the face of a bolt, compared to the face of that pipe cap.
Bad idea. Bad design. Terrible consequences.
If I was gonna fire that rifle, it would only be by remote trigger string from behind a competent blast wall. Gonna need more than a hand carried first aid kit...