ATH,
You ask a valid question here and I will try to answer it as best I can.
Hunting, no matter which weapon you choose or how far or close you shoot, is not in all reality an absolute. All we can do is prepare to the best of our abilities and then make an attempt. Sometimes things work out as planned, and sometimes they don't. Archers hope for a heart-lung shot and most train hard for it but even under the best intentions they might sink an arrow into the guts. Heavy cover hunters get good at running shots in close quarters but still might hit too far back once in awhile. Long range high powered rifle hunters train for a variety of shots (I like the shoulder shot) but still can goof. The point is that there are no guarantees. And that is universal for all predators. Lions make repeated attempts for their prey and are successful less than 20% of the time. Coyotes must live on a variety of insects and mice because they are not guaranteed to get a rabbit every time they stalk one.
We are in the same boat. We should make the best attempt we can and hope for the best. Then be prepared to correct any mistakes that we may make afterwards. Had our elk gone over the rigde with a hip wound, we would have pursued it until we could have finished it off. We had a better chance of it letting us get closer if it had actually gone over the ridge. As it were, where they bedded down made it impossible to get within I would say 700 yards at best. They bedded in this place for a reason. It was a totally defensive manuever.
We had prepared the best we could, and felt confident in what we were attempting and took the shot just like the archer, the muzzleloader, or the timber hunter.
Do I wish the first shot would have been in the shoulder? YOU BET! Did I like to see the hip shot? Actually, I knew from watching the bullet strike that it would not have been my first choice, but it did slow her down and it actually cut several large veins around the socket and that wound actually bled out worse than the shoulder shot did. She was visibly wobbly from the hip shot and it was evident to me that she had no intentions of going anywhere and neither did the rest of the herd.
NOw, if we had been only 600 yards away, the sound of the gun may have been loud enough that the whole herd would have bolted at the sound of the first shot or the thud of the hip shot and things wouldn't have worked out as nicely as they did.
Am I saying this is the model for all long range shooting attempts? NO. Definetly not. There can not be a perfect model because hunting is not perfect. Like I said before, there are no guarantees, so there can be no way to assure one. Remember, I was brought into this equation because Clint had been hunting this herd for quite some time and realized that there was probably no other way of filling his tag than to try a long range attempt. I agreed to help because this is my specialty but in no way could I guarantee any certain outcome. Many variables (like the weather conditions) must be all in order for a shot like this to work and we were lucky that day in that they all came together. If they had not, then we would not have made any attempt. THis is the best example I can give.
I might also add that I have never lost a long range big game animal. Does this mean that it will not happen? Of course not. It probably will happen in the future. Does this mean that I should give up on it? Of course not. At this point, the positive experiences of this form of hunting far outweigh the negatives. If we all gave up because we made a mistake, how would we get better?
The bottom line is that we got the animal and she felt pain for less than two minutes which is still a better way to go than starving to death, dying slowly at the claws of a cat, getting sick, or dying of old age.
I am glad we didn't have to pursue her over that ridge, but if needed be, then we would not have hesitated to track her down and finish it and that is the difference between a responsible hunter and a non-responsible hunter, not the distance of the shot.
Good shooting and happy hunting.