Yes I think we all know the general idea of twist rates and how they relate to bullet weights. My question is in regards to a 280 shooting 168s vs. a 7rm throated long for 180s? Even a 7RM in SAAMI form will out-do a 280 with any bullet. That being said, the OP is looking to build a 7RM to shoot 180s not a 280 to shoot 168s. Even if he ran 168s he would be out running the 280.. making it stay above 2000fps much longer, making it bang not only steel but game much harder and farther than a 280....Sorry if I wasn't clear.
I'll attempt to address the effects of twist rate and bullet weight in 7mm relating to terminal performance at longer distances.
708-280-7RM-7PRC-280Nosler are all effected in a similar manner to specific twist rates with specific bullet weights. Light bullets need slow twist, heavy bullets require faster twist.
Bullet weight determines how fast any rifle can push the bullet out of the barrel. Lighter bullets go faster than heavier bullets in the same caliber.
My calculator says, 180gr bullets drop below 2000fps (terminal performance) closer than the 160-168gr bullets based on how fast either can be pushed, using BCs common to each weight. I assume this is the same across ALL 7mm as it's basic physics. Gravity takes its toll.
In my rifle (280AI) I am looking for 2000fps+ at 600yds for hunting. I can not get there with a 180, but i can get there with 160-168. Yardage will differ with other variants of 7mms but it's the same principle with any rifle.
"What's the difference with steel".. HUGE. When playing with steel, it really doesn't matter how fast it is going when it contacts the steel.. who cares it just goes "ding". The super high BC 180, 190 or 210 have a wind advantage in that game.
In hunting impact velocity is critical, it's a balance of velocity and bullet weight. Bigger is not always better at longer ranges. Therefore twist rate selection becomes important to the distance you want to be able to make ethical kills.
As has been noted, running various bullets through a ballistic calculator can assist in selecting twist rates for a particular application.
The point I'm making is I think you're just clouding up the thread for the OP. The 7RM he's building makes all your points (although valid) kind of moot. Because it will in fact out do the 280. It will be better at terminal performance, kinetic energy and velocity with a heavier bullet than the 280 can do. It will bang steel and animals harder at longer ranges with heavier bullets.
The diminished returns you refer to with 180s is in regards to a chamber the OP isn't interested in. Gravity takes its toll on mid weight projectiles in the 280 much faster than it does on the 7RM.
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