chessman: I have and old SOUTHBEND 10x40 heavy, it has worn ways also. This is the best reason in the world not to chamber in the head that I can think of. I bought this lathe because it has and inch and 5/8" spindle bore ID. It wasn't until I talked to GALE McMILLAN and Bob Brackney that I learned why you don't want to chamber in the head. Most work done on lathes is done with the apron close to the head, Take a wild guess as to where most of the wear in the ways will be found? Where will be the least amount or no wear be found on the ways? Where the apron never or seldom is used and that is where the tail stock rests most of the time. Why the steady rest makes the most sense to work between centers? Well I know out there somewhere will be a machinist that has training that knows the answer already. But for those just along for the ride, here goes. Because that thing called the steady rest that you seldom find when buying a used lathe and that thing most people that buy a new lathe put away and never use cause they don't have a clue as to it's real purpose in life. It is made to allow the operator of the machine to get to exact center to do whatever operation needs to be preformed. When you find out what a pain in the rear it is to setup and use to thread, chamber and crown you understand why most people only chamber in the head. Now why would anybody want to make it that much harder on themselves? Only because they want to be in the center of the bore when they thread, chamber, and crown I guess! At least that's why I do. I would say it takes at least four to five times as long to fit a barrel this way as doing it in the head. Any of you users of Greg Tannel's tools and videos ever ask Greg why it takes him eight hours to fit a barrel? I wish that I had spent more time talking to ROY DUNLAP about barrel fitting in my youth than shooting high power but then he was my coach for shooting and not gunsmithing. By the time I got around to asking him questions about rifle work it had been years after his shop was empty and he was retired from gun work. But this I do know that his barrel work was done between centers and not through the head. In shooting it seems we all have a tendency to follow the leaders, I just wonder why it ends with barrel fitting? The purchase of the book "Gunsmithing Tips& Projects" is a great addition to anybodies bookshelves. Their-in you will find lots of good information on barrel fitting. Let the flames begin!