well folks... i couldnt resist as the 300's are the cartridges that i love and shoot the most having about 15 of them (could be more lol).
First the 300 Win Mag can and will do it all!!!!! Its funny how this cartridge has been proven by numerous snipers, long range target shooters, hunters and yet it somehow never gets the credit it deserves and people almost consistently dismiss it. For all its supposed detriments of the belt and a short neck, etc. it seems to always shine on the range and has won numerous long distance shooting competitions and also held long distance shooting records for YEARS not days or months.
I taught an old gf and a friends daughter (the ex was 5'6" and 125 lbs and friends daugter is 5'8" and about 130) how to shhot and both can shoot 1/2-3/4" groups out of my 300 win mags. The friends daughter now uses a 300 as her moose and elk gun. So I hate it when people talk about the excessive recoil and other BS when compared to the 7 mm rem mags etc. Learn starting with smaller cartridges and work your way up, practice and anyone can do it.
the 300 weatherby and 300 RUM are absolutely awesome cartridges and so is the 30-378 Weatherby.
300 WM has the cheapest brass and lots of guns available that you can start with and then true the receiver, barrel, put a new barrel on after, etc.
300 weatherby brass is relatively cheap (not as cheap as the win mag but definitely cheaper than the RUM - at least in canada). I have never found the long action to make a difference in the field, but carrying a 26" or 27" tube and a long action in thick bush for moose/elk can be a pain.
the 300 RUM and Weatherby are so close in terms of performance and no the weatherby cannot be loaded to the same level as the RUM... But no animal will ever know the difference.
The 30-378 is again simply awesome in brute hitting force (on the target) but mine is a pretty heavy outfit. Ironically, because of the slow burning powders and weight of mine, i find it has les perceived recoil than my RUM and you do not need a muzzle brake on any of them.
They are all ACCURATE!!
so in the end... look at what you are going to use it for and set yourself up accordingly. I practice a fair amount of long range shooting (would love to get out more) but my ultimate goal is meat in the freezer. So the last animal my 30-378 shot was a moose at 35 yards. The RUM went one day in the field thinking that in the evening i would be covering a big open field at sunset. We pushed a bush and the next thing I know I have a 6x6 bull elk in front of me. I waited until it was at 250 yards as we were trying to get a friends teenage son to shoot it. At 250 yards, I said enough waiting and one pull of the trigger did the job. Sometimes the gun you think you have 15 minutes to set up with and practice before taking a shot with turns into a holy crap moment lol.
I havent played with the Nosler cartridges yet, but I am currently re-chambering a Sako Finnlight from 7 Rem Mag to 28 Nosler but the gun will be for an elk hunt where I could have one 30 yards to 1000 yards in front of me. My personal feelings are that the 30 Nosler could... in theory be one of the best all around, but in Canada 25 empty brass cost as much as a box of fully loaded ammo, and no... it will not do anything better than the above. I will still wind up owning one anyways...
Good luck in the decision!!!