I think that if you had the forethought to mark that one case that gave you the pressure signs, you can probably figure out why. Since all the rest of them worked just fine, and you're not way over the recommended load for that powder & bullet weight, I wouldn't worry about one case sticking - there's likely something wrong with that particular case.
One thing you might look for is whether or not that the case was a little too long, and the neck was getting pinched around the bullet by the end of the chamber neck. This could cause a pressure spike, and possibly make it stick in the chamber on extraction. You mentioned annealing, but not case length trimming. There are other factors in this equation, and that's just one that comes to mind.
Lastly, the high velocity you mentioned is probably a function of having a pretty long barrel. Somebody else mentioned this already, and I second the notion. I have found that a couple inches of extra barrel length can make a bigger difference than the often-quoted figure of 25 fps/inch. I have a 30-06 Ackley that started out with a 26" barrel, and was then cut back to 24". The same load was 100 fps faster before the barrel was shortened, not the 50 fps I had been expecting. ( I was also using H-4350, with a 180-grain Swift A-Frame.)