This debate has been going on since the 338 Lapua came out.
I am referring to my 7mm Allen Magnum and 277 Allen Magnum wildcats which I will chamber in Rem 700 receivers.
I do have some stipulations though, Must be chrome moly receiver as this steel is harder then stainless steel and resists bolt lug set back better.
Also, I Designed my two wildcats based on the Lapua case with very min taper in the case. As such, the loader will experience sticky extraction long before the lapua case gets anywhere near its pressure limits which I would admit would be to much for a Rem 700, or really any factory receiver for that matter.
The Lapua case will easily handle upwards of 70K psi which would not be good for any factory receiver, Wby MkV it Sako which are factory chamberings.
If your popping primer pockets with a Lapua your far in excess of where you should be in pressure no matter what receiver your using.
Back to my Allen Magnums, They perform extremely well in the Rem 700 because their case design limits the pressure they can be loaded to unless you want to start pounding on your bolt to get the case out.
They are designed to drive 200 gr class bullets to 3200-3300 fps and they will easily do this in the Rem 700 safely.
All that said, this is only with a properly accurized Rem 700 that is as near perfectly true as we can get them.
If you have one lug floating, I would say it would be a very bad idea!!!
There is more steel then you think in the Rem bolt head. The BAT receivers bolt nose is hardly any different in thickness then the Rem 700. That is really not a critical area, its the bolt lugs, diameter and shear area that are the strength factors as well as the amount of steel behind the lugs in the receiver.
The Rem 700 bolt nose is generally 0.700" diameter and after accurizing will be in the 0.690" to 0.695" range in diameter. Thats 50 thou thickness of steel around the case head so its is plenty for the job it has to do.
Again, if you want to hot rod a 338 Lapua case order a custom receiver.
That said, concerning the big Wby cases. In my experience, these cases will loose their primer pockets at pressures much over 65,000 psi.
It all comes down to realistic, practical loading and thats about it. THe rifles will handle these rounds loaded to their standard top pressures. Over load them and your pushing the margin of error in any factory receiver.
Kirby Allen(50)