The only way to headspace off the shoulder with a belted cartridge is to neck-size your brass after fire-forming them the first time they're shot, and your cases will be headspaced on both the belt and shoulder.
Most likely scenario, is if not all your brass are showing this issue, it is a brass-related issue. Measure a case that fits fine with your calipers, including the belt height (from top to bottom), and then measure the same measurements on a case that is exhibiting the problem you describe. If the measurements are not conducive to one another, then that will determine the brass to be the problem.
Also, one more question...Do you mix your brass? Do you use mixed headstamps and mixed batch lots of brass? Sometimes with the cheaper factory ammo, you get large swings in brass quality control, and this can happen.
If the brass proves to be the problem, buy some brand new high-quality brass, like Nosler. It's been very consistent for me with all my belted cases, and nary a problem.