My vote goes with Ric and Chris on the 308 , with so many great factory ammo offerings its hard to beat. Even at 1000yds if your handloading and choose the correct bullets I woulden't have a second thought about shoot a deer at a grand with my 308.
My longest kill shot on a deer was with a 308 , a 140lb doe shot with a 178gr Hornady A-max launched at just over 2600fps. The range was measudred with a Lieca and a bushnell lazer ad was either 618yds or 627yds either way I dialed in for 625yds and let it bump , ol girl only wnt about 40 yds before dieing
Plenty of power , not head racking , very accurate with plenty of great factory ammo out their